numerical simulation of turbulent flow and heat transfer in a b-type section pipe with porous bottom wall

in this work, three-dimensional turbulent forced convection flow through a b-type section pipe, which porous material inserted at the bottom wall, is investigated numerically. the b-type section pipe are used in cooling systems, such as cars’ radiators. the main purpose of this research is to enhance heat transfer and to reduce the scales of such systems. the governing equations are formulated according to the volume averaging method. the results are verified by comparing them with some valid numerical data. the dependence of the nusselt number and pressure drop on the porosity, permeability and reynolds number are investigated. the results indicate that, at the maximum flow rate, the heat transfer can be enhanced about 8 times by using porous material while the pressure drop is increased about 2.5 times.